GSM is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. Its promoter, the GSM Association, estimates that 82% of the global mobile market uses the standard.GSM is used by over 3 billion people across more than 212 countries and territories.Its ubiquity makes international roaming very common between mobile phone operators, enabling subscribers to use their phones in many parts of the world. GSM differs from its predecessors in that both signaling and speech channels are digital, and thus is considered a second generation mobile phone system. This has also meant that data communication was easy to build into the system.
The ubiquity of the GSM standard has been an advantage to both consumers and also to network operators GSM also pioneered a low-cost alternative to voice calls, the Short message service , which is now supported on other mobile standards as well. Another advantage is that the standard includes one worldwide Emergency telephone number, 112. This makes it easier for international travellers to connect to emergency services without knowing the local emergency number.
Newer versions of the standard were backward-compatible with the original GSM phones. For example, Release '97 of the standard added packet data capabilities, by means of General Packet Radio Service . Release '99 introduced higher speed data transmission using Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
2008年12月13日星期六
suede bedding set
Guess, is an American name-brand clothing line. It is known for its sexualized advertising campaigns, which have featured explicit black-and-white photographs of fashion models and actresses such as Claudia Schiffer, Valeria Mazza, Adriana Lima, Drew Barrymore, Anna Nicole Smith, Paris Hilton and Jordan. They design clothes exclusively fo
r women.
Guess also markets other fashion accessories besides clothes, such as watches and jewelry. They also own the line Marciano. Claudia Schiffer, Anna Nicole Smith and Drew Barrymore are Guess models.
Guess was founded by Georges, Armand, Paul, and Maurice Marciano, four brothers born in Ouarzazate, Morocco but who supposedly grew up in the south of France and were influenced by the culture and style in the region. They moved to California in 1977 and founded the company in 1981. Seed money to start the business came from the Nakash family, owners of the Jordache denim empire. Their first product was a three-zipper style of jeans they named "Marilyn" . Department stores and fashion critics were initially reluctant to carry the new 'stone washed denim' jeans, but in December when Bloomingdale's finally agreed with Georges to stock two dozen pairs of the new jeans as a favor to the brothers. They sold out quickly.
In the 1985 Spielberg movie "Back to the Future", Marty McFly - wore distinctive Guess denim clothing, rumored to have been designed specially for the movie.
During the 1980s Guess was one of the most popular brands of jeans. The company was one of the first companies to create designer jeans. While the first jeans were for women, in 1983 a men's line debuted. In 1984 Guess introduced its new line of watches known as "Guess", "Guess Steel", and "Guess Collection ." The watch line is still in existence today, and has been joined by a number of other accessory sidelines. In 1984, they also introduced a line of baby's clothes, called "Baby Guess".
In the 1990's, they also had a division called Guess Home, which featured bedding collections and a number of towel collections. By the end of the decade, sales dropped and Guess discontinued their home division.
r women.Guess also markets other fashion accessories besides clothes, such as watches and jewelry. They also own the line Marciano. Claudia Schiffer, Anna Nicole Smith and Drew Barrymore are Guess models.
Guess was founded by Georges, Armand, Paul, and Maurice Marciano, four brothers born in Ouarzazate, Morocco but who supposedly grew up in the south of France and were influenced by the culture and style in the region. They moved to California in 1977 and founded the company in 1981. Seed money to start the business came from the Nakash family, owners of the Jordache denim empire. Their first product was a three-zipper style of jeans they named "Marilyn" . Department stores and fashion critics were initially reluctant to carry the new 'stone washed denim' jeans, but in December when Bloomingdale's finally agreed with Georges to stock two dozen pairs of the new jeans as a favor to the brothers. They sold out quickly.
In the 1985 Spielberg movie "Back to the Future", Marty McFly - wore distinctive Guess denim clothing, rumored to have been designed specially for the movie.
During the 1980s Guess was one of the most popular brands of jeans. The company was one of the first companies to create designer jeans. While the first jeans were for women, in 1983 a men's line debuted. In 1984 Guess introduced its new line of watches known as "Guess", "Guess Steel", and "Guess Collection ." The watch line is still in existence today, and has been joined by a number of other accessory sidelines. In 1984, they also introduced a line of baby's clothes, called "Baby Guess".
In the 1990's, they also had a division called Guess Home, which featured bedding collections and a number of towel collections. By the end of the decade, sales dropped and Guess discontinued their home division.
cartier diamond watch
Cartier SA is a French jeweller and watch manufacturer that is a subsidiary of Compagnie Financière Richemont SA. The corporation carries the name of the Cartier family of jewelers whose control ended in 1964 and who were known for numerous pieces including the famous "Bestiary" (best illustrated by the famous Panthère brooch of the 1940s created for Wallis Simpson), the diamond necklace created for Yadavindra Singh the Maharaja of Patiala and in 1904 the first practical wristwatch, the "Santos." Cartier SA is headquartered in Paris.
The company has a long and distinguished history of serving royalty, as well as stars and celebities. One Prince of Wales hailed Cartier as "Joaillier des Rois, Roi des Joailliers" (Jeweller to Kings, King of Jewellers"). Cartier received an order for 27 tiaras for the coronation of the future King. King Edward VII was crowned in 1902 and in 1904 he honoured the Company with the royal warrant of supplier to the Royal Court of England. Similar warrants soon followed from the courts of Spain, Portugal, Russia, Siam, Greece, Serbia, Belgium, Romania, Egypt and finally Albania, and also from the House of Orleans and the Principality of Monaco.
Cartier is at present the no. 1 seller of luxury jewellery in the world, and the no. 2 seller of luxury watches Cartier was founded in Paris in 1847 by Louis-François Cartier when he took over the workshop of his master.In 1874, his son Alfred Cartier took over the administration of the company, but it was Alfred's sons Louis, Pierre and Jacques, who were responsible for establishing the world-wide brand name of Cartier.
In 1904, the Brazilian aviator, Alberto Santos-Dumont complained of the unreliability and impracticality of using pocket watches while flying to his friend Louis Cartier. Cartier rose to the challenge, designing a flat wristwatch with a distinctive square bezel. This watch was not only a hit with Santos-Dumont, but also with Cartier's many clients. Thus, out of this timeless design, the "Santos" was born. This was the first men's wristwatch
The company has a long and distinguished history of serving royalty, as well as stars and celebities. One Prince of Wales hailed Cartier as "Joaillier des Rois, Roi des Joailliers" (Jeweller to Kings, King of Jewellers"). Cartier received an order for 27 tiaras for the coronation of the future King. King Edward VII was crowned in 1902 and in 1904 he honoured the Company with the royal warrant of supplier to the Royal Court of England. Similar warrants soon followed from the courts of Spain, Portugal, Russia, Siam, Greece, Serbia, Belgium, Romania, Egypt and finally Albania, and also from the House of Orleans and the Principality of Monaco.
Cartier is at present the no. 1 seller of luxury jewellery in the world, and the no. 2 seller of luxury watches Cartier was founded in Paris in 1847 by Louis-François Cartier when he took over the workshop of his master.In 1874, his son Alfred Cartier took over the administration of the company, but it was Alfred's sons Louis, Pierre and Jacques, who were responsible for establishing the world-wide brand name of Cartier.
In 1904, the Brazilian aviator, Alberto Santos-Dumont complained of the unreliability and impracticality of using pocket watches while flying to his friend Louis Cartier. Cartier rose to the challenge, designing a flat wristwatch with a distinctive square bezel. This watch was not only a hit with Santos-Dumont, but also with Cartier's many clients. Thus, out of this timeless design, the "Santos" was born. This was the first men's wristwatch
blank playing cards
Lothian Buses Plc is the largest municipal bus company in the United Kingdom and the largest provider of bus services in Edinburgh, Scotland. It also serves parts of East Lothian and Midlothian. On 7 November 2007 Lothian was voted Bus Operator of the Year in the 2007 UK Bus Awards,and has subsequently been voted Public Transport Operator of the Year at the 2008 National Transport Awards.The company was cited for its substantial route development, 32 percent growth in passenger numbers since 1998 and £100 million investment in low-floor buses since 2000.
Lothian Buses plc operates the majority of daytime bus services in Edinburgh, extending to outlying suburbs, towns and villages. The company also operates several limited stop express routes, an Airport service, Park and Ride services and a comprehensive night bus network. The company also operates several tourist services. The company has 4 travel shops (three in the city centre and one in Dalkeith), and operates buses from three depot locations. The company also maintains a driver training school and an engineering depot.
Lothian Buses is the only municipally owned bus company in Scotland, being 91% owned by the City of Edinburgh council and the remainder by the councils in East Lothian, Midlothian and West Lothian, giving rise to the slogan your locally owned buses, although there are currentlyno services to West Lothian. It is registered in Annandale Street, Edinburgh as company number SC096849
Many aspects of the Lothian operation are different to the standard practice employed elsewhere in the UK bus industry. This can mainly be attributed to a local history, strong council support, and long standing independent identity.
Lothian Buses plc operates the majority of daytime bus services in Edinburgh, extending to outlying suburbs, towns and villages. The company also operates several limited stop express routes, an Airport service, Park and Ride services and a comprehensive night bus network. The company also operates several tourist services. The company has 4 travel shops (three in the city centre and one in Dalkeith), and operates buses from three depot locations. The company also maintains a driver training school and an engineering depot.
Lothian Buses is the only municipally owned bus company in Scotland, being 91% owned by the City of Edinburgh council and the remainder by the councils in East Lothian, Midlothian and West Lothian, giving rise to the slogan your locally owned buses, although there are currentlyno services to West Lothian. It is registered in Annandale Street, Edinburgh as company number SC096849
Many aspects of the Lothian operation are different to the standard practice employed elsewhere in the UK bus industry. This can mainly be attributed to a local history, strong council support, and long standing independent identity.
funny face mugs
UNmad was originally founded by two friends named Ishtiaq Hossain and Kazi Khaled Ashraf in 1978. Offering a new media of entertainment through satire cartoons and humor stuffs, the magazine soon received attention of many people. However, the magazine became extremely popular during mid 80s when, cartoonist/satirist, Ahsan Habib (cartoonist) took the charge of editor of the magazine. Relying heavily on the funny aspects social life and showbiz arenas (mainly on local movies) of mid/late 80s, Ahsan Habib, along with some talented cartoonists and satire columnist, produced some excellent satire stuffs one after another and soon made "UNmad" an household name. During that time, "UNmad" became one of the best selling magazines of the country's history.
Writers Kazi Taposh, Sajjad Kabir, Romen Rayhan, Asrar Masud, Azizul Abedin, Obidul Gani Chandan, Anik Khan, Bappi, cartoonists Tariqul Islam Shantu, Iqbal Hossain Shanu, Zaved Hossain, Farid, Mehdi, Shahriar joined with Ahsan Habib to ensure enough contents for monthly publication of UNmad.
UNmad is the only 'Cartoon' Magazine in Bangladesh at the moment. It is a non political magazine in nature. The focus of the magazine is mostly on day to day social issues. However, the most popular segment is its UNmad in News Reporting. In this segment Unmad is a character who goes to different places for reporting and reveals circustic situations.
Center page cartoon is another popular segment, where many funny situations illustrated in the center of the magazine. Besides that last page folding is another attraction for the readers where one cartoon comes out with different meaning after folding the page.
Cinema or Drama satire is also hugely admired segment. English TV series the Six Million Dollar Man, The Dallas, The A Team and Bengali Shangshaptaq, Bohubrihi, Ain Adalot, Ayomoy are the most well-liked ones. Bengali Movie ‘Shareng Bou’ is known as the best movie satire ever published in UNmad.
UNmad is not only a Cartoon Magazine, it has become an institute. Over the last 30 years the magazine helped the cartoon and cartoonist to establish in Bangladesh. Most of the cartoonists in Bangladesh working in different daily magazines are grateful to UNmad and Ahsan Habib for giving opportunity to publish its first cartoon in print media. Besides cartoon, rime writings and witty writings are also patronized by UNmad. UNmad has organized number of Cartoon Exhibitions in Dhaka and Chittagong in participation of cartoonists from all around the country. UNmad is also encouraging young cartoonists by giving cartoonist of the year award regularly. Cartoonist of UNmad are participating international cartoon competitions and winning prizes, bring honor to the country.
UNmad has also super hot by-products, such as stickers, T-shirt, mugs, key rings and other small funny gift items. These popular items are available exclusively in Ekushey Boi Mella stalls and its own outlet in Dhaka. All the by-products represent UNmad logo or its face.
Writers Kazi Taposh, Sajjad Kabir, Romen Rayhan, Asrar Masud, Azizul Abedin, Obidul Gani Chandan, Anik Khan, Bappi, cartoonists Tariqul Islam Shantu, Iqbal Hossain Shanu, Zaved Hossain, Farid, Mehdi, Shahriar joined with Ahsan Habib to ensure enough contents for monthly publication of UNmad.
UNmad is the only 'Cartoon' Magazine in Bangladesh at the moment. It is a non political magazine in nature. The focus of the magazine is mostly on day to day social issues. However, the most popular segment is its UNmad in News Reporting. In this segment Unmad is a character who goes to different places for reporting and reveals circustic situations.
Center page cartoon is another popular segment, where many funny situations illustrated in the center of the magazine. Besides that last page folding is another attraction for the readers where one cartoon comes out with different meaning after folding the page.
Cinema or Drama satire is also hugely admired segment. English TV series the Six Million Dollar Man, The Dallas, The A Team and Bengali Shangshaptaq, Bohubrihi, Ain Adalot, Ayomoy are the most well-liked ones. Bengali Movie ‘Shareng Bou’ is known as the best movie satire ever published in UNmad.
UNmad is not only a Cartoon Magazine, it has become an institute. Over the last 30 years the magazine helped the cartoon and cartoonist to establish in Bangladesh. Most of the cartoonists in Bangladesh working in different daily magazines are grateful to UNmad and Ahsan Habib for giving opportunity to publish its first cartoon in print media. Besides cartoon, rime writings and witty writings are also patronized by UNmad. UNmad has organized number of Cartoon Exhibitions in Dhaka and Chittagong in participation of cartoonists from all around the country. UNmad is also encouraging young cartoonists by giving cartoonist of the year award regularly. Cartoonist of UNmad are participating international cartoon competitions and winning prizes, bring honor to the country.
UNmad has also super hot by-products, such as stickers, T-shirt, mugs, key rings and other small funny gift items. These popular items are available exclusively in Ekushey Boi Mella stalls and its own outlet in Dhaka. All the by-products represent UNmad logo or its face.
chinese silk rug
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from cocoons made by the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity. The shimmering appearance for which silk is prized comes from the fibers' triangular prism-like structure which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles.
"Wild silks" are produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm and can be artificially cultivated. A variety of wild silks have been known and used in China, South Asia, and Europe since early times, but the scale of production was always far smaller than that of cultivated silks. They differ from the domesticated varieties in color and texture, and cocoons gathered in the wild usually have been damaged by the emerging moth before the cocoons are gathered, so the silk thread that makes up the cocoon has been torn into shorter lengths. Commercially reared silkworm pupae are killed by dipping them in boiling water before the adult moths emerge, or by piercing them with a needle, allowing the whole cocoon to be unraveled as one continuous thread. This permits a much stronger cloth to be woven from the silk. Wild silks also tend to be more difficult to dye than silk from the cultivated silkworm.
There is some evidence that small quantities of wild silk were already being produced in the Mediterranean area and the Middle East by the time the stronger, cultivated silk from China began to be imported
Silks are produced by several other insects, but only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacture. There has been some research into other silks, which differ at the molecular level. Silks are mainly produced by the larvae of insects that complete metamorphosis, but also by some adult insects such as webspinners. Silk production is especially common in the Hymenoptera , and is sometimes used in nest construction. Other types of arthropod produce silk, most notably various arachnids such as spiders
"Wild silks" are produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm and can be artificially cultivated. A variety of wild silks have been known and used in China, South Asia, and Europe since early times, but the scale of production was always far smaller than that of cultivated silks. They differ from the domesticated varieties in color and texture, and cocoons gathered in the wild usually have been damaged by the emerging moth before the cocoons are gathered, so the silk thread that makes up the cocoon has been torn into shorter lengths. Commercially reared silkworm pupae are killed by dipping them in boiling water before the adult moths emerge, or by piercing them with a needle, allowing the whole cocoon to be unraveled as one continuous thread. This permits a much stronger cloth to be woven from the silk. Wild silks also tend to be more difficult to dye than silk from the cultivated silkworm.
There is some evidence that small quantities of wild silk were already being produced in the Mediterranean area and the Middle East by the time the stronger, cultivated silk from China began to be imported
Silks are produced by several other insects, but only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacture. There has been some research into other silks, which differ at the molecular level. Silks are mainly produced by the larvae of insects that complete metamorphosis, but also by some adult insects such as webspinners. Silk production is especially common in the Hymenoptera , and is sometimes used in nest construction. Other types of arthropod produce silk, most notably various arachnids such as spiders
Metal Single Beds
Early beds were little more than piles of straw or some other natural materials. An important change was raising them off the ground, to avoid draughts, dirt, and pests. The Egyptians had high bedsteads which were ascended by steps, with bolsters or pillows, and curtains to hang round. The elite of Egyptian society such as its pharaohs and queens even had beds made of wood and gilded with gold. Often there was a head-rest as well, semi-cylindrical and made of stone, wood or metal. Assyrians, Medes and Persians had beds of a similar kind, and frequently decorated their furniture with inlays or appliqués of metal, mother-of-pearl and ivory.
The oldest account of a bed is probably that of Odysseus: a charpoy woven of rope, plays a role in the Odyssey. A similar bed can be seen at the St Fagans National History Museum in Wales. Odysseus also gives an account of how he crafted the nuptial bed for himself and Penelope, out of an ancient, huge olive tree trunk that used to grow on the spot before the bridal chamber was built. His detailed description finally persuades the doubting Penelope that the shipwrecked, aged man is indeed her long-lost husband. Homer also mentions the inlaying of the woodwork of beds with gold, silver and ivory.The Greek bed had a wooden frame, with a board at the head and bands of hide laced across, upon which skins were placed. At a later period the bedstead was often veneered with expensive woods; sometimes it was of solid ivory veneered with tortoise-shell and with silver feet; often it was of bronze. The pillows and coverings also became more costly and beautiful; the most celebrated places for their manufacture were Miletus, Corinth and Carthage. Folding beds, too, appear in the vase paintings.
The Roman mattresses were stuffed with reeds, hay, wool or feathers; the last was used towards the end of the Republic, when custom demanded luxury. Small cushions were placed at the head and sometimes at the back. The bedsteads were high and could only be ascended by the help of steps. They were often arranged for two persons, and had a board or railing at the back as well as the raised portion at the head. The counterpanes were sometimes very costly, generally purple embroidered with figures in gold; and rich hangings fell to the ground masking the front. The bedsteads themselves were often of bronze inlaid with silver, and Elagabalus had one of solid silver. In the walls of some of the houses at Pompeii bed niches are found which were probably closed by curtains or sliding partitions. Ancient Romans had various kinds of beds for repose. These included:
lectus cubicularis, or chamber bed, for normal sleeping;
lectus genialis, the marriage bed, it was much decorated, and was placed in the atrium opposite the door.
lectus discubitorius, or table bed, on which they ate—for they ate while lying on their left side—there being usually three people to one bed, with the middle place accounted the most honorable position;
lectus lucubratorius, for studying;
and a lectus funebris, or emortualis, on which the dead were carried to the pyre.
The oldest account of a bed is probably that of Odysseus: a charpoy woven of rope, plays a role in the Odyssey. A similar bed can be seen at the St Fagans National History Museum in Wales. Odysseus also gives an account of how he crafted the nuptial bed for himself and Penelope, out of an ancient, huge olive tree trunk that used to grow on the spot before the bridal chamber was built. His detailed description finally persuades the doubting Penelope that the shipwrecked, aged man is indeed her long-lost husband. Homer also mentions the inlaying of the woodwork of beds with gold, silver and ivory.The Greek bed had a wooden frame, with a board at the head and bands of hide laced across, upon which skins were placed. At a later period the bedstead was often veneered with expensive woods; sometimes it was of solid ivory veneered with tortoise-shell and with silver feet; often it was of bronze. The pillows and coverings also became more costly and beautiful; the most celebrated places for their manufacture were Miletus, Corinth and Carthage. Folding beds, too, appear in the vase paintings.
The Roman mattresses were stuffed with reeds, hay, wool or feathers; the last was used towards the end of the Republic, when custom demanded luxury. Small cushions were placed at the head and sometimes at the back. The bedsteads were high and could only be ascended by the help of steps. They were often arranged for two persons, and had a board or railing at the back as well as the raised portion at the head. The counterpanes were sometimes very costly, generally purple embroidered with figures in gold; and rich hangings fell to the ground masking the front. The bedsteads themselves were often of bronze inlaid with silver, and Elagabalus had one of solid silver. In the walls of some of the houses at Pompeii bed niches are found which were probably closed by curtains or sliding partitions. Ancient Romans had various kinds of beds for repose. These included:
lectus cubicularis, or chamber bed, for normal sleeping;
lectus genialis, the marriage bed, it was much decorated, and was placed in the atrium opposite the door.
lectus discubitorius, or table bed, on which they ate—for they ate while lying on their left side—there being usually three people to one bed, with the middle place accounted the most honorable position;
lectus lucubratorius, for studying;
and a lectus funebris, or emortualis, on which the dead were carried to the pyre.
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